G protein-regulated inducer of neurite outgrowth 1 (GPRIN1)

G protein-regulated inducer of neurite outgrowth 1 (GPRIN1) is a multifunctional signaling adaptor predominantly expressed in neurons. It localizes to growth cones and axons, acting as a key effector of activated Gαo proteins in GPCR signaling. By binding to cytoskeletal regulators—including CDC42—GPRIN1 promotes neurite extension and axonal growth, supporting the formation of functional neural circuits. GPRIN1 interaction with GPCR complexes such as α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor enhances receptor signaling and cellular localization, directly impacting neural development. Aberrant GPRIN1 expression is implicated in cancer, correlating with increased proliferation and migration, and may serve as a prognostic marker in oncology.

Other names

GPRIN1GRIN1KIAA1893G protein regulated inducer of neurite outgrowth 1

Drug mechanisms not directly described; GPRIN1 acts downstream of GPCRs, including nicotinic and mu-opioid receptors, where it couples activated Gαo to cytoskeletal regulators such as CDC42 to promote neurite extension and axonal outgrowth.