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G-quadruplex DNA (G4)
- Target
- G4
- Molecular classification
- Nucleic acid, DNA secondary structure
01
Overview
G-quadruplexes (G4s) are noncanonical, four-stranded secondary structures formed in DNA sequences rich in guanine. They are characterized by stacked G-tetrads stabilized by Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding and cations, particularly potassium. G4s are found in telomeres and gene regulatory regions, playing roles in transcription, replication, and genome stability. They are considered promising targets for anticancer drug development, with small molecules designed to bind or modulate their structure. Specific helicases, such as Pif1 family proteins, can resolve G4s.
- Other names
- G-quadruplexesG quadruplexG4 DNAG-tetradG-quartet
02
Mechanism of action
Stabilization or destabilization of G-quadruplex structures
03
Biological functions
Regulation of transcriptionRegulation of translationTelomere maintenanceDNA replicationGenome stabilityEpigenetic regulation
04
Disease associations
CancerAging-related disordersNeurological diseasesGenomic instability-associated pathologies
05
Safety considerations
Specificity of G4-targeting ligandsOff-target effects on other nucleic acid structuresPotential for disrupting essential cellular processes
06
Interacting drugs
CX-5461
1 more in the full profile.
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