Galectin-13 (PP13)

Galectin-13 (also known as placental protein 13 or PP13) is a member of the S-type lectin family, predominantly expressed in the placenta during human pregnancy[5][2][9]. It is encoded by the LGALS13 gene on chromosome 19 and forms homodimers stabilized by unique intermolecular disulfide bonds, distinguishing it from other prototype galectins[1][3][7][8]. Unlike many galectins, Galectin-13 does not bind β-galactosides due to a crucial amino acid substitution (Arg53), and it has distinct ligand binding preferences[1][3]. This protein is thought to play a key role in regulating maternal immune tolerance and vascular remodeling at the maternal-fetal interface and has intracellular as well as nuclear localization[2][7][8]. Defective expression or mutations of Galectin-13 are strongly linked to pre-eclampsia—a serious pregnancy complication characterized by hypertension and proteinuria—making it a relevant biomarker for early prediction of this disease[5][7][8]. There are currently no drugs known to target Galectin-13 directly, and its classification as a therapeutic target is limited; the protein should be considered principally a biomarker and modulator of placental and immune function, rather than a classical druggable target[9].

Other names

Placental protein 13PP13LGALS13