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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha (GABA-A receptor subunit alpha)
- Target
- GABA-A receptor subunit alpha
- Molecular classification
- Ligand-gated ion channel, Cys-loop receptor, GABA receptor
01
Overview
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor subunit alpha refers to a family of protein subunits that are integral components of the GABA-A receptor, a ligand-gated chloride channel. These receptors mediate the inhibitory effects of GABA, which is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. The specific combination of alpha subunits, along with other subunits, determines the pharmacological properties and localization of the receptor. Different alpha isoforms have unique regional distributions and contribute to diverse physiological functions and clinical relevance, including roles in epilepsy, anxiety, and the effects of sedative/hypnotic drugs.
- Other names
- GABRA1GABRA2GABRA4GABA-A receptor alpha 1 subunitGABA-A receptor alpha 2 subunitGABA-A receptor alpha 4 subunit
02
Mechanism of action
Enhancement of GABA-mediated chloride ion influx, leading to hyperpolarization and inhibition of neuronal activity.
03
Biological functions
Synaptic inhibitionRegulation of neuronal excitabilityNeurotransmission
04
Disease associations
EpilepsyAnxiety disordersAlcoholism
05
Safety considerations
SedationToleranceDependenceRespiratory depression
06
Interacting drugs
Benzodiazepines
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