Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT)

Gamma-glutamyltransferase is a membrane-bound enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of gamma-glutamyl groups from molecules like glutathione to amino acids, peptides, or water. It plays a central role in the gamma-glutamyl cycle responsible for glutathione synthesis and degradation—critical processes in cellular antioxidant defense and detoxification. The enzyme is highly expressed on the luminal surface of cells in tissues such as the liver, kidney, pancreas, bile ducts, heart, brain and others. Clinically significant as a sensitive biomarker for hepatobiliary dysfunction—including cholestasis—and alcohol consumption monitoring. Elevated serum/plasma concentrations are associated with various pathologies including chronic liver diseases/cancer but can also be influenced by medications or metabolic conditions unrelated to primary hepatic injury. Gamma-glutamyltransferase is considered an emerging therapeutic target due to its involvement in redox regulation and tumor biology.[1][3][4]

Other names

γ-glutamyltransferasegamma-GTgamma-glutamyl transpeptidaseGGTP

*For drugs targeting this molecule directly*: Inhibition of enzymatic activity to modulate glutathione metabolism or reduce pro-tumorigenic effects in cancer. *For interacting drugs listed above*: Induction or inhibition of enzyme expression/activity as a side effect rather than direct therapeutic targeting.[3]