Gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain 2 (GGTLC2)

Gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain 2 (GGTLC2) is a member of the gamma-glutamyltransferase enzyme family, which catalyzes the transfer of gamma-glutamyl functional groups from glutathione and other substrates to acceptor molecules, enabling amino acid salvage, detoxification, and maintenance of redox homeostasis[1][2][3]. The light chain harbors the enzymatic active site and is critical for activity, while the heavy chain anchors the enzyme to cellular membranes[1][3]. GGTLC2 and related proteins are most highly expressed in tissues with active glutathione metabolism, including liver, kidney, and brain[1]. These enzymes play key roles in antioxidant defense, drug metabolism, and cellular responses to stress, and abnormal gamma-glutamyltransferase function is associated with cancer, inflammation, and cardiovascular or neurodegenerative disease risk[2][3]. Although GGTLC2-specific pharmacology is not strongly characterized, inhibitors of gamma-glutamyltransferase enzymes represent potential therapeutic agents in diseases where glutathione metabolism is dysregulated[1][2][3].

Other names

GGTLC2Glutathione hydrolase light chain 2GGTL4Gamma-glutamyltransferase-like protein 4Gamma-glutamyltransferase-like 4

Enzyme inhibition: Drugs or inhibitors block the transferase activity, reducing glutathione breakdown and affecting redox state and drug detoxification[1][2]. Redox modulation: Altering glutathione and cysteine cycling impacts many drugs’ pharmacodynamics through effects on antioxidant defense and cellular resistance[2][3].