Gamma-synuclein (SNCG)

Gamma-synuclein (SNCG) is a member of the synuclein family of soluble proteins primarily expressed in the peripheral nervous system, retina, and various tumors. It is associated with the regulation of neurofilament and cytoskeletal integrity, as well as presynaptic functions such as neurotransmitter handling, especially dopamine. Gamma-synuclein is the least conserved synuclein and its normal physiological role remains incompletely defined, though it is thought to modulate axonal and keratin architecture. In cancer biology, gamma-synuclein is overexpressed in aggressive and metastatic breast, ovarian, lung, and gastric carcinomas, where it promotes tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Mechanistically, it can impair cell cycle checkpoints by interacting with BubR1 and serve as a downstream effector of the TGF-β–Smad–Twist1 axis, mediating cell migration and invasion. Gamma-synuclein is also studied as a biomarker for cancer progression and is implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease and Lewy body diseases[1][2][3][4][5].

Other names

Gamma-synucleinSNCGBCSG1PERSYNPRSNSRbreast cancer-specific gene 1 proteinsynoretinsynuclein, gamma (breast cancer-specific protein 1)SYUG_HUMAN