Gap junction alpha-3 protein (GJA3)

Gap junction alpha-3 protein (GJA3), also known as connexin-46, is a connexin family ion channel protein predominantly expressed in the lens fiber cells of the eye[1][4][5]. It assembles into gap junction channels forming dodecameric complexes that allow the passage of ions and small metabolites—including antioxidants—between cells, thereby maintaining lens transparency and homeostasis[1][4]. Disruptions in GJA3, particularly missense mutations, have been repeatedly linked to autosomal dominant congenital cataracts through impaired gap junction communication and loss of lens cellular homeostasis[1][3][5]. The function of GJA3 is essential for normal lens growth, differentiation, and metabolic coupling, and altered function is a clear cause of specific inherited cataract phenotypes, but GJA3 is not currently considered a common or direct therapeutic target in drug development[1][5].

Other names

Connexin-46Cx46CX46CTRCT14CZP3gap junction protein, alpha 3, 46kDagap junction protein alpha 3connexin 46