General biological surfaces and proteins

General biological surfaces and proteins refers to a broad, non-specific category of biological interfaces rather than a single, defined therapeutic target. This term encompasses the collective physical and chemical properties of cellular membranes, extracellular matrices, and the diverse array of proteins found within a biological system. In a pharmacological context, these surfaces are primarily relevant due to non-specific binding, which can significantly impact the volume of distribution and clearance of various therapeutic agents (Smith et al., 2015, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery). Agents that interact with these surfaces generally do so through non-selective mechanisms, such as the denaturation of proteins by antiseptics like ethanol or the physical modification of surfaces by PEGylation to reduce immunogenicity and prevent opsonization (McDonnell & Russell, 1999, Clinical Microbiology Reviews; Jokerst et al., 2011, Nanomedicine). Because this category lacks a specific genetic locus, unique biochemical pathway, or defined binding pocket, it does not meet the criteria for a canonical drug target used in modern precision medicine.

Other names

Biological interfacesNon-specific protein surfacesCellular surfacesBiomolecular interfaces

Non-specific denaturation of proteins, disruption of lipid bilayer integrity, or physical shielding of surfaces to prevent non-specific biochemical interactions.