Germ cell-expressed protein (Gce)

The Germ cell-expressed protein (Gce) is a basic helix-loop-helix-Per-Arnt-Sim (bHLH-PAS) transcription factor that functions as a primary receptor for juvenile hormone (JH) in insects, particularly Drosophila melanogaster (Jindra et al., 2013, Annual Review of Entomology). Gce and its paralog, Methoprene-tolerant (Met), are the key mediators of JH signaling, which maintains the insect in a juvenile state during larval molts and regulates adult reproductive processes (Abdou et al., 2011, Development). Upon binding JH or its synthetic analogs, Gce forms a functional heterodimer with the bHLH-PAS coactivator Taiman (Tai), which then binds to specific DNA sequences to regulate the expression of genes such as Krüppel-homolog 1 (Kr-h1) (Charles et al., 2011, PNAS). While Met and Gce are often redundant, Gce is specifically required for certain aspects of germline development and is expressed in a distinct pattern during the insect life cycle (Jindra et al., 2015, Genetics). Because of its central role in insect development, Gce is a major target for insect growth regulators (IGRs) like methoprene and pyriproxyfen, which act as JH mimics to disrupt metamorphosis and cause insect sterility (Bitra and Palli, 2009, Journal of Biological Chemistry). Research into Gce provides insights into the evolution of ligand-dependent transcription factors and the development of more selective, environmentally safe insecticides.

Other names

Germ cell-expressedGceJuvenile hormone receptor paralogbHLH-PAS transcription factor GceProtein germ cell-expressed

Agonism of the juvenile hormone receptor complex, mimicking the action of endogenous juvenile hormone to prevent adult metamorphosis or disrupt reproductive cycles.