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Target intelligence / Profile preview
GINS complex subunit 1 (GINS1)
- Target
- GINS1
- Molecular classification
- Other (subunit of the GINS complex, which is a DNA replication factor), DNA replication complex, Replisome component
01
Overview
GINS complex subunit 1 (GINS1/PSF1) is an essential component of the GINS protein complex, which comprises four evolutionarily conserved subunits (Sld5, Psf1/GINS1, Psf2, and Psf3) forming a heterotetrameric ring structure with a central pore. The GINS complex is indispensable for both the initiation and the progression of eukaryotic DNA replication; it is a core part of the CMG helicase, responsible for unwinding DNA and recruiting polymerases during replication fork assembly. GINS1 itself contains an N-terminal α-helical domain and contributes to protein–protein interactions necessary for replisome formation. Mutations or altered expression of GINS1 are associated with impaired DNA replication and disease states, including immunodeficiency and certain cancers
- Other names
- DNA replication complex GINS protein PSF1PSF1KIAA0186IMD55partner of Sld five-1Psf1 homologGINS1
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of GINS1 or the GINS complex could disrupt DNA replication, arresting cell division—a mechanism of interest for cytotoxic anti-cancer drugs
03
Biological functions
DNA replication initiationDNA replication fork progressionCell cycle regulation (particularly S phase)Assembly of the CDC45-MCM-GINS helicase (CMG complex), central to unwinding DNA during replication
04
Disease associations
Cancer (implicated in cell proliferation and tumor biology due to its role in DNA replication; altered expression is linked with malignancy)Immunodeficiency (specifically Immunodeficiency 55)Severe congenital neutropeniaPotentially other cell cycle-related disorders
05
Safety considerations
Targeting DNA replication proteins like GINS1 poses risks of cytotoxicity to normal proliferating cells, leading to side effects like myelosuppression
06
Biomarkers
Expression level of GINS1 may serve as a biomarker for proliferative activity, prognosis in certain cancers, or genetic immunodeficiency syndromes
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