Target intelligence / Profile preview

Glial Cell

Molecular classification
Non-neuronal support cell, Astrocyte, Oligodendrocyte, Microglia, Ependymal Cell, Schwann Cell, Satellite Cell, Enteric Glia
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Overview

Glial cells, also known as glia or neuroglia, are non-neuronal cells found throughout the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). They are the most abundant cell type in the CNS and play essential roles in supporting neurons, maintaining homeostasis, forming myelin, regulating neurotransmission, and participating in immune responses. Dysfunction or abnormal proliferation of glial cell types is implicated in various neurological diseases.

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Biological functions

Support neuronsHomeostasis maintenanceInsulation/myelinationImmune defenseStructural supportRegulation of ion/nutrient balanceBlood-brain barrier formationModulation of synapsesPhagocytosis of debrisProduction/circulation of cerebrospinal fluidSupport neuron cell bodiesSupport enteric neuronsBrain developmentPlasticityRepair after injury
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Disease associations

Multiple sclerosisGliomasNeurodegenerative diseases

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