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Glioma stem cell association long noncoding RNA (GSCAR)
- Target
- GSCAR
- Molecular classification
- Other (long noncoding RNA, lncRNA)
01
Overview
Glioma stem cell association long noncoding RNA (GSCAR; ENSG00000250377) is a human-specific long noncoding RNA highly expressed in glioma tissues and especially in glioma stem cells. It is upregulated in higher-grade gliomas and in temozolomide-resistant lines, correlating with poor patient prognosis. GSCAR functions by sponging miR-6760-5p to enhance SRSF1 oncogene expression and by scaffolding an RNA-protein complex of DHX9 and IGF2BP2 that stabilizes SOX2 mRNA, driving glioma stem cell self-renewal and tumor aggressiveness. Knockdown of GSCAR suppresses tumor growth, reduces stemness, sensitizes cells to temozolomide, and leads to loss of stem cell marker expression. GSCAR has been proposed as both a prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in glioma, though its roles in normal tissues and effects of systemic targeting remain to be fully elucidated[1][3].
- Other names
- ENSG00000250377
02
Mechanism of action
GSCAR acts as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-6760-5p, relieving inhibition on SRSF1 oncogene. It also scaffolds protein complex formation (DHX9 and IGF2BP2) that stabilizes SOX2 mRNA, promoting stemness.
03
Biological functions
Regulation of cell proliferationRegulation of cell migrationMaintenance of cancer stem cell self-renewalRegulation of gene expression (as competing endogenous RNA and scaffold for RNA-protein interaction)
04
Disease associations
CancerGliomaTumor progressionChemotherapy resistance
05
Safety considerations
Targeting GSCAR may affect normal stem cell-related pathways (as SOX2, Oct4, and similar pathways are crucial beyond tumors)Off-target effects of antisense oligonucleotides or RNAi-based strategies not fully known
06
Biomarkers
GSCAR RNA (for prognosis and diagnosis of glioma; high expression is linked to poor survival)Glioma stem cell markers (CD133, CD44, NANOG, ALDH1, Oct4, SOX2, c-Myc, correlated with GSCAR expression)
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