Glucose Metabolism

Glucose metabolism refers to the complex set of biochemical processes by which the body utilizes glucose, a simple sugar, as its primary source of energy. This process involves several interconnected pathways that manage the uptake, storage, breakdown, and synthesis of glucose to maintain energy homeostasis and blood glucose levels within a narrow physiological range. Key pathways include glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, and glycogenesis. It is tightly regulated by hormones like insulin and glucagon, and its dysregulation leads to disorders such as diabetes mellitus.

Various, depending on the specific drug. Examples: Insulin promotes glucose uptake and storage. Metformin reduces hepatic glucose production and increases insulin sensitivity. Sulfonylureas stimulate insulin secretion.