Glucosyltransferase (GTF) (GTF)

Bacterial enzymes on tooth surfaces, primarily Glucosyltransferases (GTFs) produced by species such as Streptococcus mutans, are critical mediators of dental plaque formation and the development of dental caries (Bowen & Koo, 2011, Caries Research). These enzymes catalyze the synthesis of high-molecular-weight glucans from dietary sucrose, creating a sticky extracellular matrix that facilitates bacterial colonization and protects the microbial community from environmental stressors and antimicrobial agents (Koo et al., 2013, Nature Reviews Microbiology). By promoting the transition of the oral microbiome into a pathogenic, acid-producing biofilm, these enzymes directly contribute to the localized demineralization of tooth enamel (StatPearls, 2023, Dental Caries). Therapeutic strategies targeting these enzymes aim to disrupt biofilm architecture without necessarily killing the bacteria, thereby reducing pathogenicity while maintaining the ecological balance of the oral cavity (Jeon et al., 2011, Journal of Dental Research). Current and experimental agents include fluoride, which inhibits various metabolic enzymes, and plant-derived polyphenols that specifically target GTF activity to prevent the formation of cariogenic biofilms (Marquis, 1995, Canadian Journal of Microbiology; Gregoire et al., 2011, Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition).

Other names

GTFsGlucansucraseSucrose:1,6-alpha-D-glucan 6-alpha-D-glucosyltransferaseDextransucraseDental plaque enzymesStreptococcus mutans glucosyltransferase

Inhibition of the enzymatic conversion of dietary sucrose into insoluble alpha-glucans, which prevents the formation of the sticky extracellular matrix required for bacterial adhesion and the structural integrity of dental plaque biofilms.