Glutamate ionotropic receptor delta type subunit 1 (GRID1)

Glutamate ionotropic receptor delta type subunit 1 (GRID1, also known as GluD1) is a member of the ionotropic glutamate receptor family, which plays a key role in the organization and function of synapses in the central nervous system[1][2][6]. Unlike classical ionotropic glutamate receptors, GRID1 does not bind glutamate as a primary ligand; instead, it forms trans-synaptic adhesion complexes, regulating the activity of NMDA and AMPA receptors and influencing both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic plasticity[1][2]. GRID1 is involved in diverse biological processes critical for brain connectivity and synaptic transmission, and genetic variants or dysfunctions in GRID1 are implicated in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, including Rett syndrome and spinocerebellar ataxia 18[1][2][6]. Despite being structurally homologous to other glutamate receptors and able to form cation channels, current evidence suggests its primary roles are in synaptic signaling modulation and neuronal network organization rather than direct chemical neurotransmission. No approved drugs selectively target GRID1, and its therapeutic potential remains an area of active research[1][2].

Other names

GluD1GluD1-bGluR delta-1 subunitglutamate receptor ionotropic delta-1Delta1 glutamate receptorGluRdelta1glutamate receptor, ionotropic, delta 1KIAA1220LOC103690098

Not established for drugs; molecular modulation includes forming trans-synaptic adhesion complexes with neurexins and cerebellins, regulation of NMDA, AMPA, and GABA receptor activity[1][2]