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Glutamate Receptor
- Molecular classification
- Receptor, Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor (iGluR), Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor (mGluR), Ligand-gated ion channel, G protein-coupled receptor
01
Overview
Glutamate receptors are a family of cell surface proteins that mediate the effects of the neurotransmitter glutamate, the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. They play essential roles in excitatory synaptic transmission, synaptic plasticity, neuronal development, learning, memory, and overall neuronal communication. These receptors are broadly classified into ionotropic (iGluRs) and metabotropic (mGluRs) types. iGluRs are ligand-gated ion channels, while mGluRs are G protein-coupled receptors. Dysregulation of glutamatergic signaling is implicated in various neurological disorders.
02
Mechanism of action
Various; includes direct ion channel gating (iGluRs) and second messenger modulation (mGluRs)
03
Biological functions
Excitatory neurotransmissionSynaptic plasticityLong-term potentiation (LTP)Long-term depression (LTD)LearningMemoryNeuronal developmentGene expression regulation
04
Disease associations
SchizophreniaAlzheimer's diseaseParkinson's diseaseEpilepsyStrokeExcitotoxicityChronic painCancer
05
Safety considerations
ExcitotoxicitySeizuresNeurological side effects
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