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Glutamate receptor ionotropic NMDA subunit 1 (GluN1)
- Target
- GluN1
- Molecular classification
- Ion channel, Receptor, Ligand-gated ion channel
01
Overview
Glutamate receptor ionotropic NMDA subunit 1 (GluN1 or NR1) is a critical component of the NMDA receptor complex. The NMDA receptor is a ligand-gated ion channel that mediates excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system and plays essential roles in synaptic plasticity, learning, memory, and brain development. It is an obligatory component for all functional NMDA receptors and binds glycine or d-serine as coagonists. Channel opening requires membrane depolarization to relieve Mg²⁺ block, allowing Ca²⁺ influx along with Na⁺/K⁺ exchange. Alterations in GRIN1 expression/function have been implicated in several neurological disorders.
- Other names
- NR1GRIN1
02
Mechanism of action
Ligand-gated ion channel activation, Ca²⁺ influx, membrane depolarization
03
Biological functions
Excitatory neurotransmissionSynaptic plasticity (LTP/LTD)Learning and memory formationNeuronal developmentCalcium influx
04
Disease associations
EpilepsySchizophreniaNeurodegenerative disease (e.g., Alzheimer's disease)Ischemia-induced neuronal damage (via excitotoxicity)
05
Safety considerations
ExcitotoxicityPotential for off-target effects due to widespread expression in the brain
06
Interacting drugs
Glycine
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