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Glutamate Receptor Kainate (KAR)
- Target
- KAR
- Molecular classification
- Receptor, Ion channel, Ligand-gated ion channel, Glutamate receptor
01
Overview
Glutamate receptor kainate (KAR) is an ionotropic glutamate receptor subtype in the central nervous system. KARs are tetrameric complexes composed of GluK1-5 subunits, mediating fast excitatory synaptic transmission and modulating neuronal circuits. They are widely expressed pre- and postsynaptically, modulating both glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic transmission and implicated in various CNS diseases. Activation requires extracellular sodium and chloride ions.
- Other names
- Kainate ReceptorGluK1GluK2GluK3GluK4GluK5GluR5GluR6GluR7KA1KA2GRIK1GRIK2GRIK3GRIK4GRIK5
02
Mechanism of action
Ligand-gated ion channel activation; Modulation of glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic transmission
03
Biological functions
Fast excitatory synaptic transmissionNeurotransmitter release modulationSynaptic plasticityNeuronal circuit modulationRegulation of cell excitability
04
Disease associations
DepressionSchizophreniaStrokeAlzheimer’s diseaseParkinson’s diseaseNeuropsychiatric disordersNeurodegenerative disorders
05
Safety considerations
Potential for excitotoxicity due to excessive activationImplicated in various CNS diseases, requiring careful therapeutic targeting
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