Glutaredoxin 5 (GLRX5)

Glutaredoxin 5 (GLRX5) is a mitochondrial monothiol glutaredoxin enzyme responsible for the assembly and transfer of iron–sulfur (Fe/S) clusters, which are vital prosthetic groups in many cellular proteins, especially those involved in mitochondrial respiration and DNA synthesis[1][3]. It uses glutathione as a cofactor to maintain redox balance and facilitate Fe/S delivery to target apoproteins[1][2][3]. GLRX5 plays a key role in erythropoiesis and the biosynthesis of hemoglobin, and its deficiency disrupts mitochondrial iron homeostasis, leading to iron accumulation, oxidative stress, and impaired activity of Fe/S-dependent enzymes[1][3]. Although GLRX5 is not currently a direct drug target, its dysfunction has been linked to inherited forms of sideroblastic anemia and possibly mitochondrial and neurodegenerative diseases[1][3].

Other names

GLRX5GRX5glutaredoxin-5mitochondrial glutaredoxin 5