Glutathione homeostasis (None for "Glutathione homeostasis" (GSH is the abbreviation for glutathione itself))

Glutathione homeostasis refers to the tightly regulated processes of glutathione synthesis, recycling, compartmentalization, and degradation that together maintain optimal intracellular and extracellular glutathione concentrations and redox state. Glutathione, a tripeptide antioxidant, is central to detoxifying reactive oxygen species, maintaining redox balance, and regulating cell fate decisions. Disruptions in glutathione homeostasis are implicated in a wide array of diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration, and inflammatory disorders. While not a single therapeutic target, multiple proteins—enzymes, transporters, and regulatory factors—govern this crucial process, and modulation of glutathione homeostasis is a therapeutic strategy in specific clinical scenarios.

Other names

GSH homeostasisMaintenance of cellular glutathioneGlutathione redox balance

Modulators may inhibit or stimulate enzymes involved in GSH synthesis or recycling, alter transport, or change cellular redox status via effects on GSH/GSSG ratio. Some drugs induce cell death (e.g., ferroptosis) by depleting GSH or inhibiting its synthesis.