Glutathione redox system (null)

The glutathione redox system is a cellular network that maintains redox balance and protects against oxidative damage. It centers on glutathione, a cysteine-containing tripeptide, existing in reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) forms. The system includes enzymes such as glutathione reductase, which catalyzes the regeneration of GSH from GSSG using NADPH, and glutathione peroxidase, which reduces harmful peroxides using GSH. The glutathione redox system regulates cellular signaling, detoxifies reactive metabolites, and preserves redox homeostasis, impacting processes like cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and responses to stressors. Dysfunction contributes to pathogenesis of cancer, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular diseases[1][3][4][5][6].

Other names

Glutathione systemGSH/GSSG couplecellular glutathione redox buffer

Augmentation or depletion of glutathione levels (altering antioxidant capacity) Inhibition or activation of key enzymes (e.g., glutathione reductase blockade increases cellular oxidative stress) Facilitation of redox-dependent signaling (e.g., via protein S-glutathionylation)