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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Glutathione S-transferase A1 (GSTA1)
- Target
- GSTA1
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Glutathione S-transferase, Transferase
01
Overview
Glutathione S-transferase A1 (GSTA1) is a major phase II detoxification enzyme that catalyzes the conjugation of glutathione to a wide variety of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins, and products of oxidative stress. It is primarily expressed in the liver and kidney and plays a crucial role in cellular defense and metabolism. GSTA1 also exhibits steroid delta-isomerase and peroxidase activities, further expanding its biological functions.
- Other names
- GST2GSTA1-1GTH1GST-epsilonGlutathione S-transferase alpha 1Androst-5-ene-3,17-dione isomerase13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoate peroxidase
02
Mechanism of action
Catalyzes the conjugation of glutathione to electrophilic compounds, facilitating their detoxification and excretion. Exhibits peroxidase and isomerase activities.
03
Biological functions
DetoxificationGlutathionylationAntioxidant defenseHormone biosynthesisLinoleic acid metabolic processProstaglandin metabolic process
04
Disease associations
CancerDrug resistanceLiver injuryKidney injuryToxicity susceptibility
05
Safety considerations
Genetic polymorphisms affect susceptibility to toxins and drug responseDownregulation can suppress cell proliferation and induce apoptosis (potential implications in cancer treatment)
06
Biomarkers
Serum GST-A1 (hepatocyte necrosis)Urinary GST-A1 (renal proximal tubular necrosis)
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