Glutathione S-transferase theta-1 (GSTT1)

Glutathione S-transferase theta-1 (GSTT1) is a cytosolic phase II detoxification enzyme that catalyzes the conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide variety of electrophilic and hydrophobic substrates, including carcinogens, environmental toxins, chemotherapeutics, and products of oxidative stress[1][5][7]. This conjugation is essential for the cellular inactivation and elimination of toxic compounds and reactive metabolites, serving as a crucial defense against chemical insult and oxidative damage[5]. GSTT1 belongs to the theta class of glutathione S-transferases, is encoded by the *GSTT1* gene located on chromosome 22q11.23, and is one of the most polymorphic GSTs in humans, with a substantial fraction of the population lacking the functional gene due to a whole-gene deletion[3][5][7]. GSTT1 genetic status is both a biomarker and a modifier of disease susceptibility, therapeutic response, and risk of adverse drug reactions, notably in conditions related to carcinogenesis and drug metabolism[3][5].

Other names

Glutathione transferase T1-1GST class-theta-1GSTT12.5.1.18 (EC number)Glutathione S-transferase theta 1

Enzyme inhibition (e.g., by some drugs); Enzyme induction (e.g., by polaprezinc); Substrate for GSTT1-mediated conjugation (e.g., platinum drugs, chlorambucil); Activation by glutathione disulfide; Drug detoxification via glutathione conjugation