Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2 (GLRA2)

Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2 (GLRA2) is a protein component of the glycine receptor, which is a pentameric ligand-gated chloride ion channel primarily found in the central nervous system, especially during embryonic and early postnatal development[1][2][3][4]. This receptor mediates inhibitory neurotransmission by allowing chloride influx upon activation by glycine, leading to neuronal hyperpolarization and reduced excitability[1][3][4]. The alpha-2 subunit is especially prominent in the developing cortex and participates in critical processes such as cortical interneuron migration, progenitor homeostasis, and modulation of neuronal circuitry[2][3]. Mutations or deletions in GLRA2 are linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, including intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, epilepsy, and microcephaly[1][2][3]. Strychnine is a potent competitive antagonist of glycine receptors containing the alpha-2 subunit, while ethanol also modulates receptor function[1][3]. Disruption of GLRA2 function, either via genetic mutation or pharmacological inhibition, compromises inhibitory signaling, potentially resulting in abnormal brain development or increased susceptibility to seizures[2][3].

Other names

Glycine receptor alpha 2GLRA2GLRMRXSPglycine receptor alpha 2 subunitglycine receptor, alpha-2 polypeptide

Modulation or inhibition of chloride ion conductance through receptor antagonism or allosteric modulation (e.g., strychnine blocks the glycine-activated ion channel, leading to increased neuronal excitability)