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Glycoprotein 41 subunit (gp41), HIV type I envelope (gp41)
- Target
- gp41
- Molecular classification
- Glycoprotein, Transmembrane protein, Viral envelope protein
01
Overview
The gp41 subunit is a transmembrane glycoprotein that forms part of the HIV-1 envelope (Env) complex, which is essential for viral entry into host cells. Gp41 mediates fusion between the viral envelope and host cell plasma membrane—a critical step for HIV entry. It contains key domains such as the fusion peptide, heptad repeats (HR1/NHR and HR2/CHR), the loop region, the membrane proximal external region (MPER), and the transmembrane domain. Its role as mediator of virus-cell fusion makes it indispensable for infection, and its conserved domains—especially MPER—are targets for vaccine design and therapeutic intervention.
- Other names
- HIV-1 gp41HIV gp41Env gp41Transmembrane glycoprotein gp41
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of gp41-mediated fusion by blocking heptad repeat interactions.
03
Biological functions
Virus-host cell membrane fusionViral entryMembrane fusion
04
Disease associations
HIV infectionAIDS
05
Safety considerations
Development of resistance to fusion inhibitorsImmune responses to gp41 can vary and may not always be protective
06
Interacting drugs
Enfuvirtide
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