Glycoprotein M6A (M6A)

Glycoprotein M6A (GPM6A) is an integral membrane glycoprotein highly expressed in central nervous system neurons, particularly within the hippocampus[1][2][5][6]. It is a member of the proteolipid protein (PLP) family, characterized by four transmembrane domains and multiple potential sites for phosphorylation, glycosylation, and palmitoylation[1][2]. GPM6A is critical for the development, growth, and plasticity of neurons: it regulates filopodia and dendritic spine formation, promotes neurite outgrowth, and is essential for synapse formation and maintenance[1][2][5][6]. Through interactions with the Src/MAPK/ERK pathway and other intracellular cascades, M6A modulates structural plasticity and is dynamically involved in the formation of functional neuronal circuits[2][5]. Dysregulation, mutation, or altered expression of GPM6A has been associated with neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders—including schizophrenia, depression, epilepsy, and autism—and its role as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target is under investigation[1][3][7]. Studies indicate that GPM6A may also interact with certain drugs like valproic acid, with mutant forms altering drug-binding pockets and protein function[3]. Key properties: - Encoded by the GPM6A gene on chromosome 4q34.2 - Protein length: 278 amino acids; molecular mass: ~32 kDa - Mainly localized in neuronal plasma membranes, dendrites, and synapses - Associated with neurological disease risk and synaptopathy mechanisms[1][5][7]

Other names

GPM6ANeuronal membrane glycoprotein M6aNeural glycoprotein M6a

Not fully defined; inferred involvement in synaptic structure remodeling and neuronal plasticity[1][2][3] - For valproic acid: potential alteration of protein conformation and binding pocket in mutants[3]