Glyoxylate oxidase

Glyoxylate oxidase is an oxidoreductase enzyme (EC 1.2.3.5) that converts glyoxylate, water, and oxygen into oxalate and hydrogen peroxide. This reaction is important in glyoxylate and dicarboxylate pathways. Excessive activity results in elevated oxalate, a major contributor to the formation of kidney stones and implicated in primary hyperoxaluria. While inhibitors have been developed for the related enzyme glycolate oxidase, targeting glyoxylate oxidase itself is less documented. There is a frequent confusion in literature between glyoxylate oxidase and glycolate oxidase—care should be taken to distinguish them: glycolate oxidase (EC 1.1.3.15) primarily converts glycolate to glyoxylate, whereas glyoxylate oxidase converts glyoxylate to oxalate. Note: Glyoxylate oxidase should not be conflated with glycolate oxidase. Glycolate oxidase (GOX) and glyoxylate oxidase have distinct EC numbers and substrate preferences, though both are involved in oxalate metabolism. There is limited information on drugs or clinical inhibitors directly targeting glyoxylate oxidase; most drug development focus is currently on glycolate oxidase for hyperoxaluria.

Other names

Glyoxylate:oxygen oxidoreductaseEC 1.2.3.5

Oxidation of glyoxylate to oxalate, producing hydrogen peroxide as a by-product