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Granule Exocytosis Pathway in Cancer Cell Lysis
- Molecular classification
- Cellular pathway, Immune pathway
01
Overview
The granule exocytosis pathway is a critical mechanism by which cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs and NK cells) induce the death of cancer cells. This process involves the targeted release of lytic granules containing perforin and granzymes at the immunological synapse, leading to pore formation and subsequent apoptosis induction in target cells. FasL/TRAIL can also trigger extrinsic apoptosis. This pathway is essential for anti-tumor immunity, and defects can lead to immunodeficiencies. Therapeutic strategies aim to enhance this pathway through CAR-T/CAR-NK cells and ADCC-based therapies.
02
Mechanism of action
Enhancement of granule exocytosis to induce tumor cell lysis.
03
Biological functions
Immune responseCell deathCytotoxicityApoptosis induction
04
Disease associations
CancerImmunodeficiency
05
Safety considerations
Potential for off-target cytotoxicity.Cytokine release syndrome (CRS).
06
Interacting drugs
Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-engineered T/NK cells
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