Granulocytes and Monocytes

Granulocytes and monocytes are crucial components of the innate immune system, originating from myeloid progenitors in the bone marrow. Granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) are characterized by cytoplasmic granules and multi-lobed nuclei, primarily involved in phagocytosis, enzyme release, and inflammation. Monocytes, larger cells with kidney-shaped nuclei, differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells, performing phagocytosis and antigen presentation to activate adaptive immunity. Imbalances in granulocyte or monocyte numbers/function are implicated in infections, inflammation, autoimmune diseases, allergies, parasitic infections, and cancer, highlighting their importance in both acute defense and chronic disease pathogenesis.

Other names

LeukocytesWhite Blood CellsMyeloid CellsNeutrophilsEosinophilsBasophilsMacrophagesDendritic Cells

Various, depending on the specific drug. Corticosteroids can suppress granulocyte and monocyte activity. Chemotherapy can reduce their numbers. Immunosuppressants can alter their function.