Grass pollen allergen (group 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 12, etc.)

Grass pollen allergens are a diverse group of plant-derived proteins primarily from the Poaceae (grass) family that elicit strong IgE-mediated allergic reactions in sensitized individuals (allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, or asthma)[3][5]. The group is not a single molecule or a classic receptor/target, but rather a mixture of closely related allergenic proteins categorized into groups (group 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 12, etc.) based on structure and immunogenicity[3][5]. Group 1 allergens (such as Phl p 1 from Timothy grass) are the most clinically important, recognized by IgE in over 90% of grass-pollen allergic patients, and show extensive cross-reactivity among different grass species due to high sequence homology[1][2][3][5]. Some components, such as profilins (group 12), are "pan-allergens" found in many pollens and plant foods, causing broad cross-reactivity[4]. Grass pollen allergen mixtures are the basis for diagnosis and immunotherapy of grass pollen allergies, and their individual components are used as biomarkers to define the precise pattern of patient sensitization[2][3]. Note: The entry "multiple grass pollen allergens" is not a single, specific molecular target, but a collection of related proteins. This makes it an imprecise target for structured drug-target databases[3][5].

Other names

Group 1 grass pollen allergenPhl p 1 (Timothy grass)Lol p 1 (Rye grass)Cyn d 1 (Bermuda grass)Dac g 1 (Orchard grass)Hol l 1 (Meadow grass)Poa p 1 (Kentucky bluegrass)Grass pollen allergens

Allergen immunotherapy: Induces immune tolerance, shift from Th2 to Th1, induces specific IgG4, reduces specific IgE[2]