Group XIIA secretory phospholipase A2 (PLA2G12A)

Group XIIA secretory phospholipase A2 (PLA2G12A) is a secreted enzyme belonging to the secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) family, encoded by the PLA2G12A gene on chromosome 10q25.2. PLA2G12A contains a conserved lipase domain and catalyzes hydrolysis of the sn-2 acyl bond of membrane glycerophospholipids, leading to the release of fatty acids such as arachidonic acid, an important precursor for bioactive lipid mediators. Unlike other sPLA2s, PLA2G12A displays relatively low catalytic activity and is structurally distinct from classical sPLA2 enzymes. PLA2G12A is implicated in several physiological and pathophysiological processes including lipid metabolism, inflammation, cell signaling, apoptosis, and energy homeostasis. Genetic variants or altered function are associated with metabolic disorders (such as obesity and diabetes), neurodevelopmental disorders, and possibly psychiatric diseases like schizophrenia. PLA2G12A is emerging as a possible biomarker and therapeutic target, though its exact mechanisms and drug interactions require further clarification.

Other names

PLA2G12APLA2G12Group XIIA secretory phospholipase A2FKSG38UNQ2519/PRO6012GXII sPLA2sPLA2-XIIPhosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 12AGXIIROSSYgroup XII secreted phospholipase A2group XIIA secreted phospholipase A2phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 12Aphospholipase A2, group XII

Not specifically described for selective small molecules. sPLA2 inhibitors may block hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids and downstream pro-inflammatory lipid mediator production.