Growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5)

Growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) is a long non-coding RNA encoded at chromosome 1q25.1, and comprises 12 exons. It does not code for a protein, but rather regulates gene expression by acting as a molecular sponge for miRNAs, serving as a scaffold/guide for transcription factors, and influencing multiple cell signaling pathways including mTOR, p53, AKT, and glucocorticoid receptor signaling. GAS5 is a known tumor suppressor, with decreased expression observed in many cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. In neurons and metabolic tissues, GAS5 modulates insulin signaling and neuroinflammation, and its levels are reduced in conditions such as type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. GAS5 is being explored as both a biomarker and a therapeutic target, with small-molecule modulators like NPC86 showing preclinical promise for disease intervention. Regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, stem cell self-renewal, and neuronal survival are among its key biological processes.

Other names

GAS5 lncRNAGrowth arrest-specific 5 lncRNAlncRNA GAS5GAS5 RNA

Small molecules such as NPC86 bind GAS5, increase its expression, enhance insulin receptor levels, and modulate neuroinflammation