Growth Factor-Mediated Tissue Regeneration

Growth factor-mediated tissue regeneration leverages key protein signals delivered locally via advanced biomaterials or engineered constructs to orchestrate complex cellular events required for effective tissue repair across multiple organ systems. Key growth factor families involved include FGFs, BMPs, VEGF, PDGFs, and the TGF‐β family, which act by binding to receptor tyrosine kinases and activating intracellular signaling pathways. Effective delivery strategies are crucial, including direct injection, scaffold incorporation, and fusion protein engineering. Applications span bone, muscle, tendon, cartilage, nerve, and skin regeneration. Challenges remain regarding safety, dosing, delivery, and regulatory approval.

Activation of intracellular pathways driving proliferation, migration, and differentiation through growth factor receptors