Guanylyl cyclase-A receptor (GC-A), Guanylyl cyclase-B receptor (GC-B), Guanylyl cyclase-C receptor (GC-C) (GC-A (for type A), GC-B (for type B), GC-C (for type C))

Particulate guanylyl cyclase receptors are a family of single-pass transmembrane enzymes whose extracellular domains bind specific peptide ligands (ANP/BNP for GC-A, CNP for GC-B, STa/guanylin/uroguanylin for GC-C), leading to intracellular catalytic conversion of GTP to cGMP. This second messenger drives diverse physiological effects including blood pressure regulation, natriuresis, antifibrotic actions, fluid secretion, and more. Mutations or dysregulation of these receptors are implicated in cardiovascular, renal, and gastrointestinal diseases. Therapeutic strategies include peptide mimetics and small molecule activators. Clarification is needed in literature to always specify the isoform (GC-A, GC-B, GC-C) since "particulate guanylate cyclase receptor" is too broad for clinical or molecular application.

Other names

GC-A (NPR-A)GC-B (NPR-B)GC-C (also known as STaR for heat-stable enterotoxin receptor)Natriuretic peptide receptor-A (NPR-A; for GC-A)Natriuretic peptide receptor-B (for GC-B)Natriuretic peptide receptor-C (note: NPR-C is not a cyclase but a clearance receptor; sometimes confused in literature)

Agonists/activators bind extracellular domain, stimulate receptor guanylyl cyclase activity, increase intracellular cGMP cGMP mediates vasodilation, natriuresis, antifibrotic effects, and more