Gut-Microbiota-Serotonin-Cytokine Axis

The Gut-Microbiota-Serotonin-Cytokine axis represents a complex bidirectional communication network linking the gastrointestinal tract, the immune system, and the central nervous system. The gut microbiota significantly influences the synthesis of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) by enterochromaffin cells, which in turn modulates gastrointestinal motility and immune cell activity (Yano et al., 2015). Cytokines serve as critical signaling molecules within this axis, where microbial dysbiosis can trigger pro-inflammatory responses that alter serotonin signaling, contributing to both functional gastrointestinal disorders and neuropsychiatric conditions (O'Mahony et al., 2015). Therapeutic intervention typically involves modulating individual components, such as using probiotics to restore microbial balance, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for neurotransmitter regulation, or biologics to target specific cytokines (Baganz & Blakely, 2013). Understanding this integrated system is crucial for developing holistic treatments for disorders like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and major depressive disorder.

Other names

Microbiota-gut-brain axisSerotonergic-immune axisGut-immune-endocrine axisMicrobiome-serotonin-cytokine signaling

Modulation of microbial composition, regulation of tryptophan metabolism, and inhibition of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways.