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Haemophilus influenzae type b Polyribosyl-Ribitol-Phosphate Polysaccharide Conjugated to Tetanus Toxoid

Molecular classification: Inactivated/conjugate bacterial vaccine, Polysaccharide-protein conjugate

Overview

Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) Polyribosyl-Ribitol-Phosphate (PRP) polysaccharide conjugated to tetanus toxoid is an antigenic component used in certain Hib conjugate vaccines. The purified PRP polysaccharide from Hib strain 1482 is covalently linked to tetanus toxoid protein, enhancing immunogenicity, especially in young children. It is used as an active immunizing agent for the prevention of invasive diseases caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b.

Other names: PRP-T conjugate vaccineHaemophilus influenzae type B strain 1482 capsular polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccineActHIB®Hiberix®PedvaxHIB®

Mechanism of action

Induces anti-Hib immunity via a T-cell dependent antibody response by conjugating PRP polysaccharide to tetanus toxoid, enhancing immunogenicity, particularly in infants and young children. The protein component facilitates T cell recruitment, leading to robust antibody production and the formation of memory B cells.

Biological functions

Active immunizationAntibody productionImmune responsePrevention of invasive bacterial disease

Disease associations

InfectionMeningitisEpiglottitisPneumoniaSeptic arthritisPericarditis

Safety considerations

Common vaccine side effects (e.g., pain, swelling at injection site, fever)Potential allergic reactionsNot protective against other types or strains of H. influenzae or other bacteria causing similar diseases.

Biomarkers

Anti-PRP antibodies (correlate with protection)

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