Hair and scalp surface components

Hair and scalp surface components represent the heterogeneous mixture of biological and chemical substances found on the human head, including sebum, sweat, keratinized cells, and the resident microbiome [1][2]. Sebum is a complex lipid mixture of triglycerides, wax esters, and squalene that lubricates the hair and maintains the skin's acid mantle [3]. The microbiome, dominated by Malassezia species, interacts with these lipids to produce inflammatory byproducts that can lead to scalp disorders [1][4]. While not a specific molecular target like a receptor or enzyme, these components are the primary site for topical drug delivery and the pathophysiology of conditions such as dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis [1]. Therapeutic agents like zinc pyrithione and ketoconazole target the microbial components, while salicylic acid acts on the keratinized surface to facilitate exfoliation [2][5]. Understanding the interaction between these surface components and pharmacological agents is crucial for developing effective treatments for scalp health and hair preservation [3].

Other names

Scalp surface lipidsHair cuticleScalp microbiomeAcid mantleScalp surface film

Topical agents interact with these components by inhibiting microbial growth (antifungals), dissolving intercellular cement to promote desquamation (keratolytics), or altering the lipid environment to improve drug penetration to the hair follicle [1][2][5].