Harpagophytum procumbens extract

Harpagophytum procumbens extract is a standardized botanical preparation derived from the tuberous roots of the Harpagophytum procumbens plant, native to southern Africa and commonly known as Devil’s Claw[2][4]. The extract contains a complex phytochemical mixture, including high levels of the iridoid glycoside harpagoside (regarded as the main active biomarker), as well as other iridoids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and various volatile plant secondary metabolites[1][4][5]. It has a centuries-long history of traditional use for pain, inflammation, and skin disorders. Modern research supports its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, mediated through suppression of inflammatory cytokines, inhibition of COX-2 and MMP-13, and antioxidant activity[1][3][4]. It is used as an ingredient in cosmetics, nutraceuticals, and herbal medicines, especially for joint and musculoskeletal disorders, although it is not a precise biological target nor a single chemical entity.

Other names

Devil’s claw extractHarpagophytum procumbens root extractHarpagophytum extractDevil’s claw root extract

The anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects are believed to be mediated by: - Inhibition of NF-κB and reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) - Suppression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production - Inhibition of MMP-13 (matrix metalloproteinase) - Modulation (agonism) of CB2 cannabinoid receptor by β-caryophyllene, a minor volatile component - Antioxidant action by scavenging free radicals