Helicobacter pylori 23S ribosomal RNA (23S rRNA)

Helicobacter pylori 23S ribosomal RNA (23S rRNA) is a fundamental structural and functional component of the 50S large ribosomal subunit in the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. It constitutes the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), which is responsible for catalyzing peptide bond formation during protein translation (Source: Wikipedia). This molecule is the primary therapeutic target for macrolide antibiotics, such as clarithromycin, which are essential components of first-line eradication therapies for H. pylori infections (Source: StatPearls). Macrolides bind to the V domain of the 23S rRNA, obstructing the nascent peptide exit tunnel and halting bacterial growth. However, the clinical utility of these drugs is increasingly compromised by specific point mutations in the 23S rRNA gene, most notably A2142G and A2143G, which reduce drug binding affinity and lead to high-level antibiotic resistance (Source: PubMed PMC4991324). Monitoring these mutations is critical for tailoring effective treatment strategies against H. pylori-associated conditions, including chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric adenocarcinoma.

Other names

H. pylori 23S rRNA23S ribosomal RNArrl gene productPeptidyl transferase center

Macrolide antibiotics bind to the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) of the 23S rRNA within the 50S ribosomal subunit, physically blocking the ribosomal exit tunnel and inhibiting protein synthesis (Source: PubMed PMC6521585).