Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein (HP-NAP)

Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein (HP-NAP) is a dodecameric protein secreted by Helicobacter pylori. It acts as a potent immune modulator by activating neutrophils and monocytes. HP-NAP is a recognized agonist of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and strongly induces the production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-12 and IL-23. When interacting with monocytes and macrophages, HP-NAP drives polarization toward the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype, which is characterized by high expression of cytokines like TNF-α and iNOS. This polarization aids in the host defense against infection but also contributes to tissue inflammation and disease pathology. HP-NAP is of experimental interest as a component of vaccine adjuvants and for potential use in immunotherapy, particularly for its ability to shape Th1-type immune responses[7].

Other names

HP-NAPH. pylori neutrophil-activating proteinHelicobacter pylori neutrophil activating proteinNapA

Induces macrophage polarization, especially towards the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype. Acts as a TLR2 agonist, triggering production of interleukins (e.g., IL-12, IL-23) by neutrophils and monocytes. Promotes Th1 immune responses, increases cytokine production, and can modulate immune cell recruitment and activation.