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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Hemagglutinin Antigen of Influenza A Virus (HA)
- Target
- HA
- Molecular classification
- Glycoprotein, Viral protein, Fusion protein, Type I transmembrane protein
01
Overview
Hemagglutinin (HA) is the major surface glycoprotein of the influenza A virus, essential for viral entry into host cells. It mediates attachment to sialic acid receptors on host cells and facilitates membrane fusion following endocytosis. HA is also the primary target of neutralizing antibodies, making it a key component of influenza vaccines. Its high genetic variability, through antigenic drift and shift, presents ongoing challenges for vaccine development.
- Other names
- Influenza HemagglutininHA proteinH1H2H3H5H7H9H17H18
02
Mechanism of action
Antibodies against HA neutralize the virus by blocking attachment to host cells or inhibiting membrane fusion; HA is the target of neutralizing antibodies elicited by influenza vaccines.
03
Biological functions
Host cell attachmentMembrane fusionReceptor bindingViral entryHemagglutination
04
Disease associations
InfectionInfluenzaViral pathogenesis
05
Safety considerations
Antigenic drift necessitates frequent vaccine updatesAntigenic shift can lead to pandemic strainsEliciting broadly neutralizing antibodies against conserved epitopes is challenging
06
Interacting drugs
NA inhibitors (indirectly by preventing viral release)
07
Biomarkers
Antibody titers against HA correlate with protection from influenza
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