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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Hemagglutinin of Influenza A Virus (HA)
- Target
- HA
- Molecular classification
- Glycoprotein, Viral protein, Type I transmembrane protein
01
Overview
Hemagglutinin (HA) is a major surface glycoprotein of the influenza A virus, essential for viral attachment to host cells and subsequent membrane fusion. It is a homotrimeric protein composed of HA1 and HA2 subunits, formed after proteolytic cleavage of HA0. HA1 mediates receptor binding to sialic acids on host cells, while HA2 contains the fusion peptide necessary for membrane fusion. HA is a primary target for neutralizing antibodies and antiviral drug development due to its crucial role in viral entry.
- Other names
- Influenza HemagglutininHA proteinHA1HA2
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of sialic acid recognition, prevention of conformational changes required for membrane fusion, blockage of viral attachment to host receptors
03
Biological functions
Viral attachmentMembrane fusionReceptor bindingHost cell entry
04
Disease associations
InfectionInfluenza AViral pathogenesis
05
Safety considerations
Antigenic variation (drift and shift)Resistance to antiviral drugsPotential for zoonotic transmissionImmunogenicity leading to vaccine development challenges
06
Interacting drugs
NA inhibitors (e.g., Oseltamivir, Zanamivir) - while these target neuraminidase, preventing viral release, hemagglutinin inhibitors are also in development
2 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
HA antibody titers (for assessing immunity)HA sequence (for tracking antigenic drift and shift)Receptor binding specificity (for assessing zoonotic potential)
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