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Hemagglutinin Stalk Domain (HA stalk)
- Target
- HA stalk
- Molecular classification
- Viral protein, Membrane fusion protein, Hemagglutinin subunit
01
Overview
The hemagglutinin (HA) stalk domain is a highly conserved region of the influenza A virus HA protein, crucial for mediating membrane fusion during viral entry. It is the target of broadly neutralizing antibodies and is a focus for universal influenza vaccine development. It consists of parts of both the HA1 and HA2 subunits.
- Other names
- Hemagglutinin stemHA stemHA2 N-terminal regionLong alpha helix (LAH) of HA2
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of membrane fusion; antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC); antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis (ADCP); complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC)
03
Biological functions
Membrane fusionViral entryAntibody bindingImmune evasion
04
Disease associations
Influenza A virus infectionViral pathogenesis
05
Safety considerations
Potential for off-target effects if antibodies cross-react with host proteinsRisk of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) in some contextsDevelopment of resistance through mutations
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