Hemoglobin subunit mu (HBM)

Hemoglobin subunit mu is a member of the human globin gene family, specifically within the alpha globin gene cluster on chromosome 16. It encodes a 141-amino-acid polypeptide similar to delta globins found in non-mammalian species such as birds and reptiles. Although its mRNA is expressed at moderate levels, the actual protein has not been convincingly detected via mass spectrometry or other proteomic techniques[1][2]. Its evolutionary origin, previously as a pseudogene, and uncertain protein expression suggest that it may have little—if any—physiological role in humans apart from being a genomic remnant of evolutionary divergence within the globin superfamily[2][6]. Diseases associated with this locus include alpha-thalassemia, likely due to cluster-level effects rather than direct involvement of HBM as an expressed protein[1]. Summary of main issues: - Status as a protein-coding gene is disputed; formerly annotated as a pseudogene. - No confirmed detection of the encoded protein. - Not validated as a therapeutic target, biomarker, or disease gene in humans. - Not recognized as a major globin component, unlike alpha or beta globin subunits.

Other names

HBAP2Hemoglobin mu chainMu-globinAlpha globin pseudogene 2Hemoglobin, mu