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Hepcidin (LEAP-1)
- Target
- LEAP-1
- Molecular classification
- Peptide hormone, Antimicrobial peptide
01
Overview
Hepcidin is a peptide hormone produced by the liver that acts as the master regulator of systemic iron homeostasis. It controls iron absorption, storage, and distribution by binding to ferroportin, the only known cellular iron exporter, leading to its internalization and degradation. This process reduces serum iron levels, impacting various physiological processes and playing a critical role in iron disorders, innate immunity, and host defense.
- Other names
- HAMPHepatocyte-derived cidinLiver-expressed antimicrobial peptide
02
Mechanism of action
Binds to ferroportin, inducing its internalization and degradation, thereby preventing iron export from cells.
03
Biological functions
Iron regulationAntimicrobial activityHost defense
04
Disease associations
Anemia of chronic disease/inflammationJuvenile hereditary hemochromatosisIron-refractory iron deficiency anemia (IRIDA)Iron overload disorders
05
Safety considerations
Excessive hepcidin leading to iron-restricted erythropoiesisInsufficient hepcidin leading to iron overload
06
Biomarkers
Hepcidin levels (serum/urine)Serum ironFerritinTransferrin saturation
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