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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Herpes simplex virus type 1 viral DNA genome (HSV-1 DNA genome)
- Target
- HSV-1 DNA genome
- Molecular classification
- Other (viral DNA genome)
01
Overview
The Herpes simplex virus type 1 viral DNA genome is a linear, double-stranded DNA molecule approximately 152,000 base pairs in length. It contains two unique regions (UL and US), each bordered by inverted repeats, and encodes about 75 proteins involved in viral replication, structural formation, and immune modulation. During infection, this genome enters the host cell nucleus, circularizes during latency, and serves as the template for all HSV-1 gene expression and replication. It is a major target for antiviral drugs that inhibit viral DNA polymerase and is directly detectable as a molecular biomarker for HSV-1-associated diseases[1][2][3][4][5].
- Other names
- HSV-1 genomeHerpes simplex virus 1 genomeHuman herpesvirus 1 genome
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of viral DNA synthesis by incorporating into or terminating viral DNA chain (e.g., acyclovir, ganciclovir, cidofovir)\nInhibition of viral DNA polymerase function (e.g., foscarnet)
03
Biological functions
Encodes viral proteins required for viral replication, structure, and immune evasion[1][2][4]Template for viral gene transcription and replication[3]Undergoes genome circularization during latency[1]Drives the switch from host to viral gene expression in lytic infection[3]
04
Disease associations
Infection (herpes simplex virus infection)Neurodegenerative disease (HSV-1 is implicated in herpes encephalitis)
05
Safety considerations
High genetic variability and latent infection may hinder eradication and treatmentLoss or mutation of viral genes can lead to drug resistance (notably with DNA polymerase-targeting drugs)Oncolytic and gene therapy approaches with HSV-1 genome necessitate biosafety considerations[5]
06
Interacting drugs
Acyclovir
5 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Detection of HSV-1 DNA in blood, CSF, or tissue by PCR is used as a diagnostic and monitoring biomarker for HSV-1 infection
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