Hevea brasiliensis latex allergen proteins (Hev b)

Hevea brasiliensis latex allergen proteins are a group of over 15 identified proteins found in the milky sap of the Para rubber tree, which are responsible for inducing Type I hypersensitivity reactions in humans (UniProt, 2024). The most clinically significant components include Hev b 1 (Small Rubber Particle Protein) and Hev b 3 (Rubber Elongation Factor), which are essential for the biosynthesis and stabilization of natural rubber particles within the plant (PubMed, PMID: 11851220). In sensitized individuals, exposure to these proteins can lead to symptoms ranging from localized contact urticaria to life-threatening systemic anaphylaxis (World Allergy Organization, 2023). While not traditional targets for small-molecule inhibition, these proteins serve as the primary targets for allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) and are used in standardized extracts for diagnostic skin testing (FDA, 2023). ASIT aims to induce immunological tolerance by modulating T-cell responses and promoting the production of blocking IgG4 antibodies. Additionally, these proteins are the molecular basis for latex-fruit syndrome, where cross-reactivity occurs with homologous proteins in foods such as bananas, avocados, and kiwis (Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2021).

Other names

Natural rubber latex allergensHevea brasiliensis extractHev b 1Small rubber particle proteinRubber elongation factorHeveinLatex allergens

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) using Hevea brasiliensis extracts works by inducing peripheral T-cell tolerance, increasing the production of regulatory T cells (Tregs), and shifting the antibody response from IgE to IgG4, thereby preventing mast cell degranulation upon subsequent allergen exposure (PubMed, PMID: 21663660).