High mobility group nucleosome-binding domain-containing protein 3 (HMGN3)

High mobility group nucleosome-binding domain-containing protein 3 (HMGN3) is a member of the HMGN protein family, a group of non-histone chromatin architectural proteins that bind to nucleosomes and regulate chromatin structure[1][2][3][4]. HMGN3 specifically modulates chromatin compaction, facilitating gene expression by increasing chromatin accessibility, and plays a role in chromatin-dependent processes such as transcription, DNA replication, and DNA repair[2][3][5]. Uniquely, HMGN3 is expressed in pancreatic islet cells where it regulates genes involved in insulin secretion (e.g., GLUT2), and it also regulates expression of SLC6A9, a glycine transporter relevant to synaptic function in the brain[1][3]. It binds thyroid hormone receptor beta in a hormone-dependent manner, influencing thyroid hormone-responsive gene expression[2][3]. Loss of HMGN3 function in mice causes mild diabetes with altered insulin and glucagon levels, indicating its importance in glucose homeostasis, and it may be involved in neuronal, ocular, and astrocyte development[1][3][5]. There are no known approved drugs that target HMGN3 directly, nor is it widely recognized as a traditional therapeutic target (such as a receptor or enzyme)[3].

Other names

TRIP7PNAS-24TR-interacting protein 7Thyroid receptor-interacting protein 7PNAS-25HMGN3high mobility group nucleosome-binding domain-containing protein 3TRIP-7thyroid hormone receptor interacting protein 7