Target intelligence / Profile preview

High Mobility Group Protein B1 (HMGB1)

Target: HMGB1
Molecular classification: Non-histone chromatin-associated protein, DNA-binding protein, Danger-associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP)

Overview

High mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), also known as high-mobility group box 1, HMG-1, or amphoterin, is a highly conserved and abundant non-histone chromatin-associated protein. It plays critical roles both inside and outside the cell. Intracellularly, it is involved in chromatin remodeling, transcription, and DNA repair. Extracellularly, it acts as a DAMP, triggering inflammatory responses via receptors like TLRs and RAGE.

Other names: High-mobility group box 1HMG-1Amphoterin

Mechanism of action

HMGB1 is targeted therapeutically using antibodies, peptide inhibitors, RNAi approaches, small molecules targeting release/activity/signaling pathways.

Biological functions

Chromatin remodelingTranscriptional regulationDNA repairImmune responseInflammation signalingAutophagy regulation

Disease associations

SepsisTraumatic shockAutoimmune diseasesSystemic vasculitisAtherosclerosisAcute coronary syndromesStrokeCancerHepatic steatosisFatty liver disease

Safety considerations

Inhibition may have adverse effects due to its role in genome maintenance/DNA repair processes.

Biomarkers

Elevated extracellular/serum levels of HMGB1 are a biomarker for inflammatory diseases

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